Reply by linnix January 8, 20112011-01-08
On Jan 8, 9:45=A0am, Mark Borgerson <mborger...@comcast.net> wrote:
> In article <53ded77f-29f0-4307-a923-e6e4afac23d3 > @r19g2000prm.googlegroups.com>, m...@linnix.info-for.us says... > > > > > > > On Jan 7, 11:14 am, Vladimir Vassilevsky <nos...@nowhere.com> wrote: > > > Ulf Samuelsson wrote: > > > > linnix skrev 2011-01-06 21:51: > > > > >> On Jan 6, 11:25 am, "langw...@fonz.dk"<langw...@fonz.dk> wrote: > > > > >>> On 6 Jan., 05:10, linnix<m...@linnix.info-for.us> wrote: > > > > >>>> On Jan 5, 7:48 pm, Mostafa Kassem<m.kassem...@gmail.com> wrote: > > > > >>>>> On 1/5/2011 10:09 PM, Vladimir Vassilevsky wrote: > > > > >>>>>> There is a network of ~100 wireless sensors, communicating to =
a
> > > >>>>>> single > > > >>>>>> host. All sensors are located within ~50..100m from the host i=
n the
> > > >>>>>> typical urban environment. Ideally, it would be desirable to p=
oll
> > > >>>>>> each > > > >>>>>> sensor at least 10 times/sec. When polling the sensors, we hav=
e to
> > > >>>>>> get > > > >>>>>> just several bits of the status information from each sensor. > > > > >>>>>> Problem: as sensors are battery powered, the average power > > > >>>>>> consumption > > > >>>>>> of the entire communication part of a sensor is limited to ~ 1=
0mW
> > > >>>>>> max. > > > > >>>>>> Is there a wireless technology/modules on the market that woul=
d allow
> > > >>>>>> such power budget? > > > > >>>>>> Would it be possible to develop such technology using existing > > > >>>>>> transceiver ICs or modules? > > > > >>>>>> (Cost, operating band, compliance, acceptance, etc. are outsid=
e of
> > > >>>>>> consideration at this point). > > > > > The ATmega128RFA1 (ZigBee + 128kB Flash AVR) uses about 26 mW durin=
g
> > > > transmission and a little bit lower during reception. > > > > Dear Ulf @ All, > > > > I reviewed several low power wireless chipsets from different vendors=
.
> > > They typically drain about 20mA @ 3.3V when in the active Rx or Tx mo=
de,
> > > and less then 1mA in sleep. Switching from sleep to active incurs the > > > overhead of several milliseconds; unfortunately none of the transceiv=
ers
> > > retain the bit synchronization between the packets; there is no easy =
way
> > > to synchronize the nodes to the master to a fraction of the bit > > > interval. As noted by David and Mark, it could be possible to fit the > > > 10mW constraint if the system cycle time is several seconds; but it i=
s
> > > hardly feasible with the cycle time < 1 sec. > > > This requirement is very difficult to achieve. =A0Just curious, what > > application requires such tight timing? > > I can envision one: =A0A security system where an intrusion sensor is > triggered and the master system then wants to zoom a surveillance > camera in on that particular location. =A0If the system has a latency > of 10 seconds, you might get a high-res picture of a broken window > minus the ski-masked perp.
In that case, single on-off transmitters might be more cost effective. You can have all sensors transmitting the same frequency and any one can trigger all cameras in the group. Gate/garage transmitters are dirt cheap.
Reply by Mark Borgerson January 8, 20112011-01-08
In article <53ded77f-29f0-4307-a923-e6e4afac23d3
@r19g2000prm.googlegroups.com>, me@linnix.info-for.us says...
> > On Jan 7, 11:14&#4294967295;am, Vladimir Vassilevsky <nos...@nowhere.com> wrote: > > Ulf Samuelsson wrote: > > > linnix skrev 2011-01-06 21:51: > > > > >> On Jan 6, 11:25 am, "langw...@fonz.dk"<langw...@fonz.dk> &#4294967295;wrote: > > > > >>> On 6 Jan., 05:10, linnix<m...@linnix.info-for.us> &#4294967295;wrote: > > > > >>>> On Jan 5, 7:48 pm, Mostafa Kassem<m.kassem...@gmail.com> &#4294967295;wrote: > > > > >>>>> On 1/5/2011 10:09 PM, Vladimir Vassilevsky wrote: > > > > >>>>>> There is a network of ~100 wireless sensors, communicating to a > > >>>>>> single > > >>>>>> host. All sensors are located within ~50..100m from the host in the > > >>>>>> typical urban environment. Ideally, it would be desirable to poll > > >>>>>> each > > >>>>>> sensor at least 10 times/sec. When polling the sensors, we have to > > >>>>>> get > > >>>>>> just several bits of the status information from each sensor. > > > > >>>>>> Problem: as sensors are battery powered, the average power > > >>>>>> consumption > > >>>>>> of the entire communication part of a sensor is limited to ~ 10mW > > >>>>>> max. > > > > >>>>>> Is there a wireless technology/modules on the market that would allow > > >>>>>> such power budget? > > > > >>>>>> Would it be possible to develop such technology using existing > > >>>>>> transceiver ICs or modules? > > > > >>>>>> (Cost, operating band, compliance, acceptance, etc. are outside of > > >>>>>> consideration at this point). > > > > > The ATmega128RFA1 (ZigBee + 128kB Flash AVR) uses about 26 mW during > > > transmission and a little bit lower during reception. > > > > Dear Ulf @ All, > > > > I reviewed several low power wireless chipsets from different vendors. > > They typically drain about 20mA @ 3.3V when in the active Rx or Tx mode, > > and less then 1mA in sleep. Switching from sleep to active incurs the > > overhead of several milliseconds; unfortunately none of the transceivers > > retain the bit synchronization between the packets; there is no easy way > > to synchronize the nodes to the master to a fraction of the bit > > interval. As noted by David and Mark, it could be possible to fit the > > 10mW constraint if the system cycle time is several seconds; but it is > > hardly feasible with the cycle time < 1 sec. > > This requirement is very difficult to achieve. Just curious, what > application requires such tight timing?
I can envision one: A security system where an intrusion sensor is triggered and the master system then wants to zoom a surveillance camera in on that particular location. If the system has a latency of 10 seconds, you might get a high-res picture of a broken window minus the ski-masked perp. Mark Borgerson
Reply by linnix January 8, 20112011-01-08
On Jan 7, 4:35=A0pm, Ulf Samuelsson <u...@invalid.atmel.com> wrote:
> Vladimir Vassilevsky skrev 2011-01-07 20:14: > > > > > > > Ulf Samuelsson wrote: > > >> linnix skrev 2011-01-06 21:51: > > >>> On Jan 6, 11:25 am, "langw...@fonz.dk"<langw...@fonz.dk> wrote: > > >>>> On 6 Jan., 05:10, linnix<m...@linnix.info-for.us> wrote: > > >>>>> On Jan 5, 7:48 pm, Mostafa Kassem<m.kassem...@gmail.com> wrote: > > >>>>>> On 1/5/2011 10:09 PM, Vladimir Vassilevsky wrote: > > >>>>>>> There is a network of ~100 wireless sensors, communicating to a > >>>>>>> single > >>>>>>> host. All sensors are located within ~50..100m from the host in t=
he
> >>>>>>> typical urban environment. Ideally, it would be desirable to poll > >>>>>>> each > >>>>>>> sensor at least 10 times/sec. When polling the sensors, we have > >>>>>>> to get > >>>>>>> just several bits of the status information from each sensor. > > >>>>>>> Problem: as sensors are battery powered, the average power > >>>>>>> consumption > >>>>>>> of the entire communication part of a sensor is limited to ~ 10mW > >>>>>>> max. > > >>>>>>> Is there a wireless technology/modules on the market that would > >>>>>>> allow > >>>>>>> such power budget? > > >>>>>>> Would it be possible to develop such technology using existing > >>>>>>> transceiver ICs or modules? > > >>>>>>> (Cost, operating band, compliance, acceptance, etc. are outside o=
f
> >>>>>>> consideration at this point). > > >> The ATmega128RFA1 (ZigBee + 128kB Flash AVR) uses about 26 mW during > >> transmission and a little bit lower during reception. > > > Dear Ulf @ All, > > > I reviewed several low power wireless chipsets from different vendors. > > They typically drain about 20mA @ 3.3V when in the active Rx or Tx mode=
,
> > and less then 1mA in sleep. Switching from sleep to active incurs the > > overhead of several milliseconds; unfortunately none of the transceiver=
s
> > retain the bit synchronization between the packets; there is no easy wa=
y
> > to synchronize the nodes to the master to a fraction of the bit > > interval. As noted by David and Mark, it could be possible to fit the > > 10mW constraint if the system cycle time is several seconds; but it is > > hardly feasible with the cycle time < 1 sec. > > > Next question: are there any off-the-shelf wireless modules that could > > allow for the ~1/100 duty cycle operation with ~10ms packets with the > > average power consumption ~10mW ? > > If you are desperate for good power figures, then > you should consider running at 1.8V. > > The ATmega128RFA1 power consumption in sleep is 0.4 mA * 1.8V > so less than 1 mW. > With 30 mW during transmit, you can have a duty cycle of almost 33% > to still achieve
I read the whole datasheet for Atmega128rfa1. Other than the standard AVR stuffs, there is not much information on the RF controller. Perhaps someone can answer my questions: 1. Is the Radio permanently attached to the UART? 2. Is the Radio permanently attached to the SPI? 3. Can the radio be enable/disable on demand? 4. Can the transmitter power be adjusted/changed? 5. Can the frequency be adjusted/changed? Are there other docs to address these issues?
Reply by January 8, 20112011-01-08
On Sat, 08 Jan 2011 01:35:18 +0100, Ulf Samuelsson
<ulf@invalid.atmel.com> wrote:

>Link budget is 103,5 dBm which is also quite good. >If you can live with a link budget of 97,5 (still better than most >competition), then the transmit power goes down to < 15 mW.
While it might be possible to calculate the link budget for an interplanetary space link with an accuracy of a fraction of an dB, such accurate (and successful) predictions in ground based systems should IMHO be awarded with the Nobel prize :-). In real world urban conditions, the path loss will typically increase by 10-15 dB each time the distance doubles (contrary to 6 dB for free space). I first assumed that you are simply talking about the difference between the Tx/Rx power, but the figures does not make any sense. If 103.5 dBm actually refers to -103.5 dBm receiver sensitivity and the thermal noise at room temperature id -174 dBm/Hz thus bandwidths larger than 1 MHz should be assumed, much larger than the OP needed (10-50 kHz at most).
Reply by rickman January 8, 20112011-01-08
On Jan 7, 9:59 am, Chris_99 <cgr...@gmail.com> wrote:
> On Jan 6, 8:21 pm, rickman <gnu...@gmail.com> wrote: > > > > > On Jan 5, 11:58 pm, Vladimir Vassilevsky <nos...@nowhere.com> wrote: > > > > hamilton wrote: > > > > On 1/5/2011 8:09 PM, Vladimir Vassilevsky wrote: > > > > >> There is a network of ~100 wireless sensors, communicating to a single > > > >> host. All sensors are located within ~50..100m from the host in the > > > >> typical urban environment. Ideally, it would be desirable to poll each > > > >> sensor at least 10 times/sec. When polling the sensors, we have to get > > > >> just several bits of the status information from each sensor. > > > > >> Problem: as sensors are battery powered, the average power consumption > > > >> of the entire communication part of a sensor is limited to ~ 10mW max. > > > > >> Is there a wireless technology/modules on the market that would allow > > > >> such power budget? > > > > >> Would it be possible to develop such technology using existing > > > >> transceiver ICs or modules? > > > > >> (Cost, operating band, compliance, acceptance, etc. are outside of > > > >> consideration at this point). > > > > >> Vladimir Vassilevsky > > > >> DSP and Mixed Signal Design Consultant > > > >>http://www.abvolt.com > > > > > What is the real time requirement ? > > > > > TinyOS maybe what your looking for. > > > > > A google search for "wireless sensor networks" found this: > > > >https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/Wireless_sensor_network > > > > > as well as almost 1 million others. > > > > > hamilton > > > > Idiot > > > Why does anyone respond to this guy? When others ask questions rather > > than give even the least answer or any encouragement he derides them. > > When he asks questions and others respond, if he doesn't like the > > response, he derides them rather than thanking them and moving on or > > even just ignoring them. > > > Why does anyone think this guy deserves any sort of response when he > > is asking for help? > > > Rick- Hide quoted text - > > > - Show quoted text - > > Actually, even though the OP is a bit surly, his point-of-view and > statements are often very valuable to me. > Secondarily, I also thought the "1 million google responses" thing was > small-brained since the > post started out looking for very low power wireless and not wireless > in general.
"A bit surly"??? You mean like Ted Bundy was a bit rough on women, or the Japanese are a bit aggressive with whales, or the way the Taliban is a bit ugly with women? Yeah, otherwise they are all really great guys and there is no reason to not accept their bad side. Heck, everyone has a bad side, no? Rick
Reply by Ulf Samuelsson January 7, 20112011-01-07
Vladimir Vassilevsky skrev 2011-01-07 20:14:
> > > Ulf Samuelsson wrote: > >> linnix skrev 2011-01-06 21:51: >> >>> On Jan 6, 11:25 am, "langw...@fonz.dk"<langw...@fonz.dk> wrote: >>> >>>> On 6 Jan., 05:10, linnix<m...@linnix.info-for.us> wrote: >>>> >>>> >>>> >>>>> On Jan 5, 7:48 pm, Mostafa Kassem<m.kassem...@gmail.com> wrote: >>>> >>>> >>>>>> On 1/5/2011 10:09 PM, Vladimir Vassilevsky wrote: >>>> >>>> >>>>>>> There is a network of ~100 wireless sensors, communicating to a >>>>>>> single >>>>>>> host. All sensors are located within ~50..100m from the host in the >>>>>>> typical urban environment. Ideally, it would be desirable to poll >>>>>>> each >>>>>>> sensor at least 10 times/sec. When polling the sensors, we have >>>>>>> to get >>>>>>> just several bits of the status information from each sensor. >>>> >>>> >>>>>>> Problem: as sensors are battery powered, the average power >>>>>>> consumption >>>>>>> of the entire communication part of a sensor is limited to ~ 10mW >>>>>>> max. >>>> >>>> >>>>>>> Is there a wireless technology/modules on the market that would >>>>>>> allow >>>>>>> such power budget? >>>> >>>> >>>>>>> Would it be possible to develop such technology using existing >>>>>>> transceiver ICs or modules? >>>> >>>>>>> (Cost, operating band, compliance, acceptance, etc. are outside of >>>>>>> consideration at this point). >>>> >>>> >> The ATmega128RFA1 (ZigBee + 128kB Flash AVR) uses about 26 mW during >> transmission and a little bit lower during reception. > > Dear Ulf @ All, > > I reviewed several low power wireless chipsets from different vendors. > They typically drain about 20mA @ 3.3V when in the active Rx or Tx mode, > and less then 1mA in sleep. Switching from sleep to active incurs the > overhead of several milliseconds; unfortunately none of the transceivers > retain the bit synchronization between the packets; there is no easy way > to synchronize the nodes to the master to a fraction of the bit > interval. As noted by David and Mark, it could be possible to fit the > 10mW constraint if the system cycle time is several seconds; but it is > hardly feasible with the cycle time < 1 sec. > > Next question: are there any off-the-shelf wireless modules that could > allow for the ~1/100 duty cycle operation with ~10ms packets with the > average power consumption ~10mW ? >
If you are desperate for good power figures, then you should consider running at 1.8V. The ATmega128RFA1 power consumption in sleep is 0.4 mA * 1.8V so less than 1 mW. With 30 mW during transmit, you can have a duty cycle of almost 33% to still achieve Link budget is 103,5 dBm which is also quite good. If you can live with a link budget of 97,5 (still better than most competition), then the transmit power goes down to < 15 mW. Did not check the Atmel ZigBit modules (which are two chips solutions) but they should be similar in power consumption.
> > Vladimir Vassilevsky > DSP and Mixed Signal Design Consultant > http://www.abvolt.com > > > >
-- Best Regards Ulf Samuelsson These are my own personal opinions, which may or may not be shared by my employer Atmel Nordic AB
Reply by linnix January 7, 20112011-01-07
On Jan 7, 11:14=A0am, Vladimir Vassilevsky <nos...@nowhere.com> wrote:
> Ulf Samuelsson wrote: > > linnix skrev 2011-01-06 21:51: > > >> On Jan 6, 11:25 am, "langw...@fonz.dk"<langw...@fonz.dk> =A0wrote: > > >>> On 6 Jan., 05:10, linnix<m...@linnix.info-for.us> =A0wrote: > > >>>> On Jan 5, 7:48 pm, Mostafa Kassem<m.kassem...@gmail.com> =A0wrote: > > >>>>> On 1/5/2011 10:09 PM, Vladimir Vassilevsky wrote: > > >>>>>> There is a network of ~100 wireless sensors, communicating to a > >>>>>> single > >>>>>> host. All sensors are located within ~50..100m from the host in th=
e
> >>>>>> typical urban environment. Ideally, it would be desirable to poll > >>>>>> each > >>>>>> sensor at least 10 times/sec. When polling the sensors, we have to > >>>>>> get > >>>>>> just several bits of the status information from each sensor. > > >>>>>> Problem: as sensors are battery powered, the average power > >>>>>> consumption > >>>>>> of the entire communication part of a sensor is limited to ~ 10mW > >>>>>> max. > > >>>>>> Is there a wireless technology/modules on the market that would al=
low
> >>>>>> such power budget? > > >>>>>> Would it be possible to develop such technology using existing > >>>>>> transceiver ICs or modules? > > >>>>>> (Cost, operating band, compliance, acceptance, etc. are outside of > >>>>>> consideration at this point). > > > The ATmega128RFA1 (ZigBee + 128kB Flash AVR) uses about 26 mW during > > transmission and a little bit lower during reception. > > Dear Ulf @ All, > > I reviewed several low power wireless chipsets from different vendors. > They typically drain about 20mA @ 3.3V when in the active Rx or Tx mode, > and less then 1mA in sleep. Switching from sleep to active incurs the > overhead of several milliseconds; unfortunately none of the transceivers > retain the bit synchronization between the packets; there is no easy way > to synchronize the nodes to the master to a fraction of the bit > interval. As noted by David and Mark, it could be possible to fit the > 10mW constraint if the system cycle time is several seconds; but it is > hardly feasible with the cycle time < 1 sec.
This requirement is very difficult to achieve. Just curious, what application requires such tight timing?
Reply by Vladimir Vassilevsky January 7, 20112011-01-07

Ulf Samuelsson wrote:

> linnix skrev 2011-01-06 21:51: > >> On Jan 6, 11:25 am, "langw...@fonz.dk"<langw...@fonz.dk> wrote: >> >>> On 6 Jan., 05:10, linnix<m...@linnix.info-for.us> wrote: >>> >>> >>> >>>> On Jan 5, 7:48 pm, Mostafa Kassem<m.kassem...@gmail.com> wrote: >>> >>> >>>>> On 1/5/2011 10:09 PM, Vladimir Vassilevsky wrote: >>> >>> >>>>>> There is a network of ~100 wireless sensors, communicating to a >>>>>> single >>>>>> host. All sensors are located within ~50..100m from the host in the >>>>>> typical urban environment. Ideally, it would be desirable to poll >>>>>> each >>>>>> sensor at least 10 times/sec. When polling the sensors, we have to >>>>>> get >>>>>> just several bits of the status information from each sensor. >>> >>> >>>>>> Problem: as sensors are battery powered, the average power >>>>>> consumption >>>>>> of the entire communication part of a sensor is limited to ~ 10mW >>>>>> max. >>> >>> >>>>>> Is there a wireless technology/modules on the market that would allow >>>>>> such power budget? >>> >>> >>>>>> Would it be possible to develop such technology using existing >>>>>> transceiver ICs or modules? >>> >>>>>> (Cost, operating band, compliance, acceptance, etc. are outside of >>>>>> consideration at this point). >>> >>> > The ATmega128RFA1 (ZigBee + 128kB Flash AVR) uses about 26 mW during > transmission and a little bit lower during reception.
Dear Ulf @ All, I reviewed several low power wireless chipsets from different vendors. They typically drain about 20mA @ 3.3V when in the active Rx or Tx mode, and less then 1mA in sleep. Switching from sleep to active incurs the overhead of several milliseconds; unfortunately none of the transceivers retain the bit synchronization between the packets; there is no easy way to synchronize the nodes to the master to a fraction of the bit interval. As noted by David and Mark, it could be possible to fit the 10mW constraint if the system cycle time is several seconds; but it is hardly feasible with the cycle time < 1 sec. Next question: are there any off-the-shelf wireless modules that could allow for the ~1/100 duty cycle operation with ~10ms packets with the average power consumption ~10mW ? Vladimir Vassilevsky DSP and Mixed Signal Design Consultant http://www.abvolt.com
Reply by linnix January 7, 20112011-01-07
On Jan 7, 10:07=A0am, Ulf Samuelsson <u...@invalid.atmel.com> wrote:
> linnix skrev 2011-01-06 21:51: > > > > > On Jan 6, 11:25 am, "langw...@fonz.dk"<langw...@fonz.dk> =A0wrote: > >> On 6 Jan., 05:10, linnix<m...@linnix.info-for.us> =A0wrote: > > >>> On Jan 5, 7:48 pm, Mostafa Kassem<m.kassem...@gmail.com> =A0wrote: > > >>>> On 1/5/2011 10:09 PM, Vladimir Vassilevsky wrote: > > >>>>> There is a network of ~100 wireless sensors, communicating to a sin=
gle
> >>>>> host. All sensors are located within ~50..100m from the host in the > >>>>> typical urban environment. Ideally, it would be desirable to poll e=
ach
> >>>>> sensor at least 10 times/sec. When polling the sensors, we have to =
get
> >>>>> just several bits of the status information from each sensor. > > >>>>> Problem: as sensors are battery powered, the average power consumpt=
ion
> >>>>> of the entire communication part of a sensor is limited to ~ 10mW m=
ax.
> > >>>>> Is there a wireless technology/modules on the market that would all=
ow
> >>>>> such power budget? > > >>>>> Would it be possible to develop such technology using existing > >>>>> transceiver ICs or modules? > > >>>>> (Cost, operating band, compliance, acceptance, etc. are outside of > >>>>> consideration at this point). > > >>>>> Vladimir Vassilevsky > >>>>> DSP and Mixed Signal Design Consultant > >>>>>http://www.abvolt.com > > >>>> Zigbee? > > >>> Anything but low power. > > >> it of course depends on how you use it but if zigbee isn't low power > >> what is then? > > > ZigBee takes around 50mW to 100mW, so it won't be low power by > > itself. =A0If OP can limit RF duty to less than 10%, then it might be > > possible. > > The ATmega128RFA1 (ZigBee + 128kB Flash AVR) uses about 26 mW during > transmission and a little bit lower during reception. >
Atmega128RF runs at 8MHz with 30mW and 16MHz with 50mW. EM351 (128K ARM M3) runs at 24MHz with 50mW. But Atmega128RF is not available on Digikey yet.
Reply by Ulf Samuelsson January 7, 20112011-01-07
linnix skrev 2011-01-06 21:51:
> On Jan 6, 11:25 am, "langw...@fonz.dk"<langw...@fonz.dk> wrote: >> On 6 Jan., 05:10, linnix<m...@linnix.info-for.us> wrote: >> >> >> >>> On Jan 5, 7:48 pm, Mostafa Kassem<m.kassem...@gmail.com> wrote: >> >>>> On 1/5/2011 10:09 PM, Vladimir Vassilevsky wrote: >> >>>>> There is a network of ~100 wireless sensors, communicating to a single >>>>> host. All sensors are located within ~50..100m from the host in the >>>>> typical urban environment. Ideally, it would be desirable to poll each >>>>> sensor at least 10 times/sec. When polling the sensors, we have to get >>>>> just several bits of the status information from each sensor. >> >>>>> Problem: as sensors are battery powered, the average power consumption >>>>> of the entire communication part of a sensor is limited to ~ 10mW max. >> >>>>> Is there a wireless technology/modules on the market that would allow >>>>> such power budget? >> >>>>> Would it be possible to develop such technology using existing >>>>> transceiver ICs or modules? >> >>>>> (Cost, operating band, compliance, acceptance, etc. are outside of >>>>> consideration at this point). >> >>>>> Vladimir Vassilevsky >>>>> DSP and Mixed Signal Design Consultant >>>>> http://www.abvolt.com >> >>>> Zigbee? >> >>> Anything but low power. >> >> it of course depends on how you use it but if zigbee isn't low power >> what is then? > > ZigBee takes around 50mW to 100mW, so it won't be low power by > itself. If OP can limit RF duty to less than 10%, then it might be > possible. >
The ATmega128RFA1 (ZigBee + 128kB Flash AVR) uses about 26 mW during transmission and a little bit lower during reception. -- Best Regards Ulf Samuelsson These are my own personal opinions, which may or may not be shared by my employer Atmel Nordic AB