I am developing firmware for a custom LPC2138 board, using GNUARM/Eclipse. The
project is at an advanced stage, nearing completion.
I am using custom start up code, and a custom linker script. However, the
entire project must run as a 'managed make' under the Eclipse GUI. I
am not allowed to create stand alone makefiles. As I mentioned, I have a very
effective code running on the target board. Only recently did I run into
linker problems.
When trying to add certain library functions such as sprintf, or trying to do
an integer division, or certain (but not all) floating point functions such as
cos(), I get a huge list of undefined references.
I have set the linker to -lc -lm -lg, to use those libraries.
But, I have -nostartfiles, -nostdlib. However I do allow default libs.
If I allow the standard startfiles & libraries, the undefined references
vanish, but then I get all sorts of errors based on the double defined items in
the startup code & linker scripts. Clearly I cannot allow the compiler to
attempt to use its own startup and linker files. So I need to find a way to
resolve the references and link the appropriate libraries WITHOUT allowing the
compiler to use standard startup and linker files.
I have been trying to solve this problem for days, I searched the web and the
archives, without any success.
I have pasted the build output below, for an example where I try an integer
division. Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Eric
______________
**** Build of configuration Release for project X1_Core ****
make -k all
'Building file: ../bsp.c'
'Invoking: GCC C Compiler'
arm-none-eabi-gcc -O3 -Wall -c -fmessage-length=0 -MMD -MP
-MF"bsp.d" -MT"bsp.d" -o"bsp.o"
"../bsp.c"
In file included from ../x1.h:38,
from ../bsp.c:1:
../irda.h:7:7: warning: no newline at end of file
'Finished building: ../bsp.c'
' '
'Building target: X1_Core.o'
'Invoking: GCC C Linker'
arm-none-eabi-gcc -nostartfiles -nostdlib ../boot.o ../x1_isr.o -lc -Xlinker
--script=../lpc2138.ld -o"X1_Core.o" ./MS5541.o ./UserSettings.o
./accel.o ./bsp.o ./flashmem.o ./globaldata.o ./graphics.o ./input_output.o
./irda.o ./mag.o ./main.o ./menu.o ./oled.o ./pressure.o ./rtc.o ./sleep.o
./spim_1.o ./spim_2.o ./taps.o ./utilities.o -lc -lg -lm
./bsp.o: In function `BSP_Timer0_ConfigureFreq':
bsp.c:(.text+0x498): undefined reference to `__aeabi_uidiv'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [X1_Core.o] Error 1
make: Target `all' not remade because of errors.
Build complete for project X1_Core
GCC library linker problems
Started by ●February 20, 2007
Reply by ●February 20, 20072007-02-20
Hi Eric,
Looks like you are missing libgcc.a from the list of libraries.
If you use "-nostartfiles -nostdlib" you have to add -lgcc to
get the integer division and other gcc helper functions.
elektrknight
---------------------
http://www.hbbrbasic.com/ Embedded IDE and BASIC Compiler
for ARM based microcontrollers
Looks like you are missing libgcc.a from the list of libraries.
If you use "-nostartfiles -nostdlib" you have to add -lgcc to
get the integer division and other gcc helper functions.
elektrknight
---------------------
http://www.hbbrbasic.com/ Embedded IDE and BASIC Compiler
for ARM based microcontrollers
Reply by ●February 21, 20072007-02-21
I added -lgcc and it fixed the uidiv problem, but all the other undefined
references still occur. Below is a sample.
Eric
_____________
'Building target: X1_Core.o'
'Invoking: GCC C Linker'
arm-none-eabi-gcc -nostartfiles -nostdlib ../boot.o ../x1_isr.o -lc -Xlinker --script=../lpc2138.ld -Xlinker -lc -Xlinker -lm -Xlinker -lg -o"X1_Core.o" ./MS5541.o ./UserSettings.o ./accel.o ./bsp.o ./flashmem.o ./globaldata.o ./graphics.o ./input_output.o ./irda.o ./mag.o ./main.o ./menu.o ./oled.o ./operation.o ./pressure.o ./rtc.o ./sleep.o ./spim_1.o ./spim_2.o ./taps.o ./utilities.o -lgcc -lc -lm -lg
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(vfprintf.o): In function `_vfprintf_r':
vfprintf.c:(.text+0xa34): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
vfprintf.c:(.text+0xfac): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
vfprintf.c:(.text+0x114c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
vfprintf.c:(.text+0x151c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_uldivmod'
vfprintf.c:(.text+0x1538): undefined reference to `__aeabi_uldivmod'
vfprintf.c:(.text+0x1c3c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
vfprintf.c:(.text+0x202c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(dtoa.o): In function `_dtoa_r':
dtoa.c:(.text+0x2a8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x354): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x360): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x36c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dadd'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x37c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x388): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x39c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dadd'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x3a8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_d2iz'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x3c0): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x3fc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x544): undefined reference to `__aeabi_ui2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x600): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x62c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_ddiv'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x658): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x6a8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x6b8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x6cc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x6dc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dadd'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x73c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x748): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x758): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dadd'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x7a4): undefined reference to `__aeabi_ddiv'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x7b0): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x7cc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_d2iz'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x7d4): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x7e8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x810): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpgt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x830): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x844): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpgt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x85c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x868): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x898): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x8b8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x8c4): undefined reference to `__aeabi_d2iz'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x8cc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x8e0): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x8fc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x998): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x9ac): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x9c8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_ddiv'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x9cc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_d2iz'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x9d4): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x9e8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x9fc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xa24): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dadd'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xa40): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xa5c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xcd4): undefined reference to `__aeabi_ddiv'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xd00): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xd14): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpgt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xd38): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xe74): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xe80): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpge'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x1000): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x1014): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x12bc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x12d0): undefined reference to `__aeabi_d2iz'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x12d8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x12ec): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x1324): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x1330): undefined reference to `__aeabi_d2iz'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x1338): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x134c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x138c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dadd'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x1398): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x13b8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x13c4): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpgt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x141c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x1454): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(makebuf.o): In function `__smakebuf':
makebuf.c:(.text+0xe8): undefined reference to `isatty'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(mprec.o): In function `_ratio':
mprec.c:(.text+0x2f8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_ddiv'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(mprec.o): In function `_mprec_log10':
mprec.c:(.text+0x348): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
mprec.c:(.text+0x360): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(sbrkr.o): In function `_sbrk_r':
sbrkr.c:(.text+0x1c): undefined reference to `_sbrk'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(writer.o): In function `_write_r':
writer.c:(.text+0x24): undefined reference to `_write'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(closer.o): In function `_close_r':
closer.c:(.text+0x1c): undefined reference to `_close'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(fstatr.o): In function `_fstat_r':
fstatr.c:(.text+0x20): undefined reference to `_fstat'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(lseekr.o): In function `_lseek_r':
lseekr.c:(.text+0x24): undefined reference to `_lseek'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(readr.o): In function `_read_r':
readr.c:(.text+0x24): undefined reference to `_read'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [X1_Core.o] Error 1
make: Target `all' not remade because of errors.
Build complete for project X1_Core
Eric
_____________
'Building target: X1_Core.o'
'Invoking: GCC C Linker'
arm-none-eabi-gcc -nostartfiles -nostdlib ../boot.o ../x1_isr.o -lc -Xlinker --script=../lpc2138.ld -Xlinker -lc -Xlinker -lm -Xlinker -lg -o"X1_Core.o" ./MS5541.o ./UserSettings.o ./accel.o ./bsp.o ./flashmem.o ./globaldata.o ./graphics.o ./input_output.o ./irda.o ./mag.o ./main.o ./menu.o ./oled.o ./operation.o ./pressure.o ./rtc.o ./sleep.o ./spim_1.o ./spim_2.o ./taps.o ./utilities.o -lgcc -lc -lm -lg
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(vfprintf.o): In function `_vfprintf_r':
vfprintf.c:(.text+0xa34): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
vfprintf.c:(.text+0xfac): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
vfprintf.c:(.text+0x114c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
vfprintf.c:(.text+0x151c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_uldivmod'
vfprintf.c:(.text+0x1538): undefined reference to `__aeabi_uldivmod'
vfprintf.c:(.text+0x1c3c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
vfprintf.c:(.text+0x202c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(dtoa.o): In function `_dtoa_r':
dtoa.c:(.text+0x2a8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x354): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x360): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x36c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dadd'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x37c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x388): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x39c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dadd'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x3a8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_d2iz'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x3c0): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x3fc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x544): undefined reference to `__aeabi_ui2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x600): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x62c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_ddiv'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x658): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x6a8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x6b8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x6cc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x6dc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dadd'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x73c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x748): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x758): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dadd'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x7a4): undefined reference to `__aeabi_ddiv'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x7b0): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x7cc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_d2iz'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x7d4): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x7e8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x810): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpgt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x830): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x844): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpgt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x85c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x868): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x898): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x8b8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x8c4): undefined reference to `__aeabi_d2iz'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x8cc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x8e0): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x8fc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x998): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x9ac): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x9c8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_ddiv'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x9cc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_d2iz'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x9d4): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x9e8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x9fc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xa24): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dadd'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xa40): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xa5c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xcd4): undefined reference to `__aeabi_ddiv'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xd00): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xd14): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpgt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xd38): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xe74): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0xe80): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpge'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x1000): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x1014): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpeq'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x12bc): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x12d0): undefined reference to `__aeabi_d2iz'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x12d8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x12ec): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x1324): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x1330): undefined reference to `__aeabi_d2iz'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x1338): undefined reference to `__aeabi_i2d'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x134c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x138c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dadd'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x1398): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmplt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x13b8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dsub'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x13c4): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dcmpgt'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x141c): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
dtoa.c:(.text+0x1454): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(makebuf.o): In function `__smakebuf':
makebuf.c:(.text+0xe8): undefined reference to `isatty'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(mprec.o): In function `_ratio':
mprec.c:(.text+0x2f8): undefined reference to `__aeabi_ddiv'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(mprec.o): In function `_mprec_log10':
mprec.c:(.text+0x348): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
mprec.c:(.text+0x360): undefined reference to `__aeabi_dmul'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(sbrkr.o): In function `_sbrk_r':
sbrkr.c:(.text+0x1c): undefined reference to `_sbrk'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(writer.o): In function `_write_r':
writer.c:(.text+0x24): undefined reference to `_write'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(closer.o): In function `_close_r':
closer.c:(.text+0x1c): undefined reference to `_close'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(fstatr.o): In function `_fstat_r':
fstatr.c:(.text+0x20): undefined reference to `_fstat'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(lseekr.o): In function `_lseek_r':
lseekr.c:(.text+0x24): undefined reference to `_lseek'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(readr.o): In function `_read_r':
readr.c:(.text+0x24): undefined reference to `_read'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [X1_Core.o] Error 1
make: Target `all' not remade because of errors.
Build complete for project X1_Core
Reply by ●February 21, 20072007-02-21
Reply by ●February 21, 20072007-02-21
> What happens if you use -nostartfiles, and leave
out -nostdlib
> (allowing the standard libs)?
>
> Mike
_________________________________
This is what happens with -nostartfiles, but with stdlibs enabled:
**** Build of configuration Release for project X1_Core ****
make -k all
'Building target: X1_Core.o'
'Invoking: GCC C Linker'
arm-none-eabi-gcc -nostartfiles ../boot.o ../x1_isr.o -lc -Xlinker --script=../lpc2138.ld -Xlinker -lc -Xlinker -lm -Xlinker -lg -o"X1_Core.o" ./MS5541.o ./UserSettings.o ./accel.o ./bsp.o ./flashmem.o ./globaldata.o ./graphics.o ./input_output.o ./irda.o ./mag.o ./main.o ./menu.o ./oled.o ./operation.o ./pressure.o ./rtc.o ./sleep.o ./spim_1.o ./spim_2.o ./taps.o ./utilities.o -lgcc -lc -lm -lg
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe:rdimon-ram.ld:13: warning: redeclaration of memory region 'ram'
../boot.o: In function `_start':
(.text+0x18): multiple definition of `_start'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\rdimon-crt0.o:/scratch/paul/arm/src/newlib-20060320/libgloss/arm/crt0.S:(.text+0x0): first defined here
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: section .data [00008000 -> 00008973] overlaps section prog [00000048 -> 00019e43]
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(init.o): In function `__libc_fini_array':
init.c:(.text+0x38): undefined reference to `_fini'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(init.o): In function `__libc_init_array':
init.c:(.text+0x84): undefined reference to `_init'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [X1_Core.o] Error 1
make: Target `all' not remade because of errors.
Build complete for project X1_Core
> (allowing the standard libs)?
>
> Mike
_________________________________
This is what happens with -nostartfiles, but with stdlibs enabled:
**** Build of configuration Release for project X1_Core ****
make -k all
'Building target: X1_Core.o'
'Invoking: GCC C Linker'
arm-none-eabi-gcc -nostartfiles ../boot.o ../x1_isr.o -lc -Xlinker --script=../lpc2138.ld -Xlinker -lc -Xlinker -lm -Xlinker -lg -o"X1_Core.o" ./MS5541.o ./UserSettings.o ./accel.o ./bsp.o ./flashmem.o ./globaldata.o ./graphics.o ./input_output.o ./irda.o ./mag.o ./main.o ./menu.o ./oled.o ./operation.o ./pressure.o ./rtc.o ./sleep.o ./spim_1.o ./spim_2.o ./taps.o ./utilities.o -lgcc -lc -lm -lg
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe:rdimon-ram.ld:13: warning: redeclaration of memory region 'ram'
../boot.o: In function `_start':
(.text+0x18): multiple definition of `_start'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\rdimon-crt0.o:/scratch/paul/arm/src/newlib-20060320/libgloss/arm/crt0.S:(.text+0x0): first defined here
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: section .data [00008000 -> 00008973] overlaps section prog [00000048 -> 00019e43]
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(init.o): In function `__libc_fini_array':
init.c:(.text+0x38): undefined reference to `_fini'
c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib\libc.a(init.o): In function `__libc_init_array':
init.c:(.text+0x84): undefined reference to `_init'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [X1_Core.o] Error 1
make: Target `all' not remade because of errors.
Build complete for project X1_Core
Reply by ●February 21, 20072007-02-21
> ../boot.o: In function `_start':
> (.text+0x18): multiple definition of `_start'
> c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery
> g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-ea
> bi/lib\rdimon-crt0.o:/scratch/paul/arm/src/newlib-20060320/lib
> gloss/arm/crt0.S:(.text+0x0): first defined here
The curious part is the line above that references rdimon-crt0.o. This
shouldn't be linked in, as it is startup code. Is there something special
in your boot.o that prevents you from using crt0.o? Perhaps if you call
boot.0 crt0.o it will work (this is what is done in my makefile, but I use
the WinARM toolchain).
This looks like it might be coming from newlib. I checked my sources for
newlib, and indeed, crt0.S is present there. I alas, don't use newlib,
so I haven't run into this yet. Perhaps you can leave the startup code
out of the makefile for newlib.
You mentioned earlier that you had this compiling fine. What is different
now?
Mike
> (.text+0x18): multiple definition of `_start'
> c:/program files/codesourcery/sourcery
> g++/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.1.1/../../../../arm-none-ea
> bi/lib\rdimon-crt0.o:/scratch/paul/arm/src/newlib-20060320/lib
> gloss/arm/crt0.S:(.text+0x0): first defined here
The curious part is the line above that references rdimon-crt0.o. This
shouldn't be linked in, as it is startup code. Is there something special
in your boot.o that prevents you from using crt0.o? Perhaps if you call
boot.0 crt0.o it will work (this is what is done in my makefile, but I use
the WinARM toolchain).
This looks like it might be coming from newlib. I checked my sources for
newlib, and indeed, crt0.S is present there. I alas, don't use newlib,
so I haven't run into this yet. Perhaps you can leave the startup code
out of the makefile for newlib.
You mentioned earlier that you had this compiling fine. What is different
now?
Mike
Reply by ●February 21, 20072007-02-21
